Socialist realist literature in Afghanistan is perceived as one of the most notable and influential movements in the history of Afghanistan’s contemporary literature. Thanks to its rich content and artistic quality, the movement secured a brilliant position in Afghanistan’s literature. In addition to promoting significant innovation in the form and content of literary works, the movement has emphasized social justice, ideological beliefs, and people-centered concerns. Its sterling quality is an artistic and intelligent representation of class and socio-political concepts in poetry. As a literary creation and a cultural instrument for transferring consciousness, expressing resistance, and reflecting communal ideals, the movement has played a significant role in the socio-cultural context of Afghanistan. Accordingly, to examine social issues in Afghanistan’s socialist poetry, the current study seeks to analyze the quality of social concepts’ reflection in the works of outstanding poets with a socialist orientation published in Zhwandun magazine. Findings of the study reveal that the following themes: the celebration of the workforce and their dignity, the glorification of fighters faithful to Marxist ideas, the praise of freedom and equality, and the denunciation of class discrimination, an emphasis on social solidarity, peaceful coexistence, and the opposition to poverty and inequality in outstanding form appear in poetry of Asadullah Habib, Dastgir Panjshiri, Sulaiman Laiq, Rahim Elham, Nasrullah Raha, Sharbat Baqeri, Ali Shah Nashad, Gharib Nawaz, Nasim Kamjo, Heshmat Rabi, Nazir Ahmad Zafar, and Zakia Rustagar. This highlights a powerful relationship between literature and ideology in the cultural context of that period