As a key approach to the close and critical reading of literary texts, social semiotics seeks to discover signs within literary texts. In doing so, it aims to figure out hidden concepts and layers of meanings. Pierre Giraud divides social signs into two categories: identity and etiquette. Nafsat al-Masdor is written by Shihab al-Din Muhammad al-Nasawi, the secretary of Sultan Jalal al-Din Khwarazmshi, whose book recounts the Mongols’invasion of Persia and the fall of of Khwarazmshahi dynasty. Given its soci-historical subject, one can vividly perceive the manifestations of culture, identity, and etiquette in the Khwarazamshahi period. Hence, the book contains abundant social signs and codes demanding to be extracted and interpreted. Therefore, by employing the qualitative method and drawing on Pierre Giraud’s insights, the current research attempts to analyze social signs in Nafsat al-Masdor. The findings of the current article demonstrate that social signs in Nafsat al-Masdor have manifested themselves in identity and etiquette, in turn, being materialized in tone, discourse, postures, gestures, food, and dress revealing the diversity of social codes in the author’s time and his close attention to social conditions of his own time.