With the sociological analysis of the literary work, by emphasizing a dialectical relationship between form and content, the author's worldview can be connected with history. In this way, in the alignment of historical sociology, historical events and happenings, cultural characteristics and important issues of society are determined in the study of works. ". Reza Baraheni (1401-1314) is one of the prominent contemporary writers who wrote his stories based on the events of the society, whose works can be analyzed with the approach of sociology of literature in relation to contemporary history. The subject of his four stories "Song of the Dead", "What Happened After the Wedding", "Secrets of My Land" and "Well to Well" is a reflection of the political conditions of Iran before the Islamic Revolution and the events during the revolution It can be analyzed with sociology in relation to history. In this article, By reading a library in a descriptive and analytical way, these works have been examined with the aim of examining the worldview of the author and the meaningful structure of the content in alignment with the social and political structures of the society with Historical sociology. The results of the research show: , Baraheni 's stories are a historical report of the events of the Pahlavi period. All the stories describe the society from the Pahlavi to the Islamic revolution. It can be seen in the historical structure of the events of the fifties with a detailed narration. In terms of content, the tyranny of the regime, corruption of governance, SAVAK, prisons and popular struggles are central issues. with descriptions that have real parallels in contemporary history ,he narrates the protests and struggles of intellectual groups and people against the Pahlavi regime from the point of view of a university-educated intellectual collective actor.